When looking for potential fiscal fraud cases, tax authorities have only a limited number of data sources available to them. But what if they could proactively start looking into your bank accounts, even if you’ve done nothing wrong? A Belgian law, dubbed “Money Control” by its critics, aims to pioneer in this controversial terrain.

In late 2025, a controversial Belgian legislative proposal to combat tax fraud has reignited fundamental debates on privacy, algorithmic governance, and the rule of law. The proposal even led to a rare filibuster in the Belgian Parliament. At its core, the draft law envisages shifting from traditional, suspicion-based fiscal inquiries to proactive scanning of financial data using algorithms, raising acute concerns under EU data protection and fundamental rights frameworks.